Red Severum

Overview

• Scientific Name: Heros efasciatus
• Common Names: Red Severum, Red Severum Cichlid
• Family: Cichlidae
• Origin: Native to the Amazon River basin and other river systems in South America.

Physical Characteristics

• Size: Red Severums can grow up to 8 to 10 inches (20 to 25 cm) in length.
• Coloration: They are known for their beautiful red to orange body, often with vertical black stripes, particularly as juveniles. Adult Severums may have a more solid coloration with a mix of vibrant hues.
• Body Shape: They have a laterally compressed, oval body shape typical of cichlids, with a broad forehead and a distinctive shape that becomes more pronounced as they mature.

Behavior

• Temperament: Red Severums are generally peaceful and can be semi-aggressive, especially during breeding. They are considered one of the more docile cichlids compared to others in the family.
• Sociability: They can be kept in community tanks with other peaceful fish but may show territorial behavior, especially in smaller aquariums.
• Activity Level: They are moderately active swimmers, often seen exploring their environment.

Habitat and Tank Requirements

• Tank Size: A minimum tank size of 50 gallons is recommended for a single Red Severum. A larger tank (75 gallons or more) is better for keeping multiple Severums or a community setup.
• Water Parameters:
  • Temperature: 75°F to 82°F (24°C to 28°C)
  • pH Level: 6.0 to 8.0 (slightly acidic to neutral)
  • Water Hardness: 5 to 20 dGH
• Substrate: A sandy or fine gravel substrate is ideal, allowing them to sift through and create a natural environment.
• Tank Setup:
  • Provide plenty of hiding spots using rocks, caves, and driftwood.
  • Include live or artificial plants for shelter and to create a natural environment.
  • Strong filtration is important to maintain good water quality.

Diet

• Feeding: Red Severums are omnivores, requiring a balanced diet:
  • High-quality cichlid pellets or flakes should be the main diet.
  • Supplement with frozen or live foods like bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia.
  • Include vegetable matter, such as blanched spinach, zucchini, or spirulina flakes.
• Feeding Frequency: Feed once or twice daily, providing enough food that can be consumed within a few minutes.

Breeding

• Breeding Behavior: Red Severums can breed in captivity. They usually form monogamous pairs.
  • They require flat surfaces like rocks or broad leaves for laying eggs.
  • Both parents may care for the eggs and fry, protecting them from potential threats.
• Fry Care: The eggs typically hatch in about 3 to 4 days, and the fry will need to be fed specialized fry food or infusoria once they become free-swimming.

Compatibility

• Tank Mates: Suitable tank mates for Red Severums include:
  • Other peaceful cichlids, such as Blue Acara or Keyhole Cichlids
  • Larger community fish, like Tetras, Barbs, and Rainbowfish
• Avoid keeping them with overly aggressive or fin-nipping fish, as Severums may become stressed or harmed.

Lifespan

• Lifespan: With proper care, Red Severums can live for 10 to 15 years in captivity.

Health Considerations

• Common Diseases: Red Severums can be susceptible to freshwater fish diseases such as Ich and fin rot.
• Water Quality Sensitivity: They are sensitive to poor water conditions, so regular maintenance and water changes are essential to keep them healthy.

Interesting Facts

1. Color Variability: The coloration of Red Severums can vary significantly between individuals, and some may exhibit unique patterns.
2. Intelligent Fish: Red Severums are known for their intelligence and can recognize their owners, often showing interest in their presence.
3. Parental Care: They are known to exhibit strong parental instincts, guarding their eggs and fry from potential threats.